Lucknow

Travel to Lucknow: History, Culture, Monuments and How to Reach

History of Lucknow

Although archaeological findings indicate that the region has a very ancient past, the history of Lucknow in its present form began in the 18th century. The city was part of the kingdom of Awadh, founded by Saadat Khan Burhan - ul - Mulk, a Persian - origin courtier serving the Mughals.

Under the patronage of the rulers of Awadh, Lucknow developed into an important centre of culture, art, music and literature. Artists, poets and intellectuals arrived from Persia and other regions, contributing to the development of a unique cultural identity.

In 1775, Nawab Asaf - ud - Daulah shifted the capital of Awadh from Faizabad to Lucknow. During the following decades, the city flourished and became home to magnificent palaces, gardens, monuments and buildings of great architectural value.

Lucknow and the Revolt of 1857

In the mid - 1850s, Wajid Ali Shah, the last Nawab of Awadh, was deposed by the British. The annexation of Awadh created strong resentment among the local population.

During the Revolt of 1857, the British garrison in Lucknow came under siege. Around 3,000 people sought refuge in the Residency under the command of Sir Henry Lawrence. The siege lasted approximately 87 days and resulted in significant loss of life and severe damage to the buildings.

The siege ended on 17 November 1857 with the arrival of troops led by Sir Colin Campbell, after which British control was restored.

How to Reach Lucknow

By Air

Lucknow is well connected by air with major cities across India. Lucknow Airport is located at Amausi, approximately 15 km from the city centre.

By Train

Lucknow has important railway stations, including Charbagh and Lucknow Junction. The city has an extensive railway network connecting it with numerous major destinations across the country.

By Road

Lucknow is well connected by road to major cities of Uttar Pradesh and neighbouring regions through an extensive network of highways, roads and transport services.

Fairs and Festivals of Lucknow

Muharram Festival

Lucknow is one of the major centres of Muslim culture in Uttar Pradesh and observes Muharram with great solemnity and tradition.

Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is considered a sacred period. The observance commemorates the martyrdom of Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, at Karbala.

During this period, people participate in prayers, charitable activities and religious gatherings. One of the most important traditions is the procession of Taziyas, decorated replicas representing the tomb of Hussain, which are carried by followers during the processions.

Monuments of Lucknow

Bara Imambara

The Bara Imambara was built by Asaf - ud - Daulah in 1784 and is one of the most iconic monuments of Lucknow. Its enormous vaulted hall and intricate interior passages, popularly known as the Bhool Bhulaiya, make it one of the city's major attractions.

The terrace also offers excellent views of Lucknow.

Rumi Darwaza

The Rumi Darwaza, also known as the Turkish Gate, was built by Asaf - ud - Daulah between 1784 and 1786. Standing approximately 60 feet tall, this impressive gateway is considered one of the finest examples of Lucknow's architectural heritage.

British Residency

The British Residency was built around 1800 as a residence for the British Resident. Today, it preserves the remains and marks of the Revolt of 1857 and serves as an important historical monument of Lucknow.

Shah Najaf Imambara

The Shah Najaf Imambara is a large structure crowned by a magnificent dome. It was built during the reign of Ghazi - ud - Din Haider and also houses his tomb along with the tombs of his three wives.

Juma Masjid

The Juma Masjid, with its two minarets and three domes, is another notable religious and architectural landmark of Lucknow.

Qaiser Bagh Palace

The Qaiser Bagh Palace was built in 1850 by Wajid Ali Shah, the last ruler of Awadh. The complex reflects the grandeur and sophistication of the Nawabi architecture of the period.

La Martiniere

La Martiniere is a prominent historic building constructed in the late 18th century by the Frenchman Claude Martin. Today, it functions as a renowned educational institution.

Culture of Lucknow

The culture of Lucknow developed around poetry, music, dance, cuisine, fashion and the arts. During the Nawabi period, the city attracted numerous poets, artists and musicians who received patronage from the royal court.

Cuisine also holds an important place in Lucknow's cultural identity. The traditional Dastarkhans of the Nawabi courts were renowned for their variety and sophistication of dishes.

Over time, this cultural refinement expanded beyond the royal palaces and became an integral part of the streets, markets and neighbourhoods of Lucknow.

Why Visit Lucknow?

A trip to Lucknow offers an opportunity to discover a city where the history of Awadh, Nawabi architecture, religious traditions, rich cuisine and artistic heritage come together to create a unique cultural experience in India.